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Co-dominance, where allelic products co-exist in the phenotype, is different from incomplete dominance, where the quantitative interaction of allele products produces an intermediate phenotype. For example, in co-dominance, a red homozygous flower and a white homozygous flower will produce offspring that have red and white spots.
An example in dog coat genetics is the homozygosity with the allele "e e" on the Extension-locus making it impossible to produce any other pigment than pheomelanin. Although the allele "e" is a recessive allele on the extension-locus itself, the presence of two copies leverages the dominance of other coat colour genes.
Autosomal dominant A 50/50 chance of inheritance. Sickle-cell disease is inherited in the autosomal recessive pattern. When both parents have sickle-cell trait (carrier), a child has a 25% chance of sickle-cell disease (red icon), 25% do not carry any sickle-cell alleles (blue icon), and 50% have the heterozygous (carrier) condition. [1]
Mendelian traits behave according to the model of monogenic or simple gene inheritance in which one gene corresponds to one trait. Discrete traits (as opposed to continuously varying traits such as height) with simple Mendelian inheritance patterns are relatively rare in nature, and many of the clearest examples in humans cause disorders.
Compared to examples of overdominance in actual populations, underdominance is considered more unstable [3] [4] and may lead to the fixation of either allele. [ 1 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] An example of stable underdominance may occur in individuals who are heterozygotic for polymorphisms that would make them better suited for one of two niches . [ 7 ]
Generally, the monohybrid cross is used to determine the dominance relationship between two alleles. The cross begins with the parental generation. One parent is homozygous for one allele, and the other parent is homozygous for the other allele. The offspring make up the first filial generation.
incomplete dominance incomplete speciation incipient species Any population that is in an early stage of speciation. inheritance See heredity. interbreeding intercross A cross in which both the male and female parents are heterozygous at a particular locus. [8] intrinsic postzygotic isolation introgression. Also introgressive hybridization.
Under the law of dominance in genetics, an individual expressing a dominant phenotype could contain either two copies of the dominant allele (homozygous dominant) or one copy of each dominant and recessive allele (heterozygous dominant). [1] By performing a test cross, one can determine whether the individual is heterozygous or homozygous ...