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After cataract surgery, patients with diabetes mellitus are generally acknowledged to have an increased risk of macular edema. [ 12 ] A prior history of retinal vein occlusion was the only significant preoperative risk factor in a large retrospective series of 1659 consecutive cataract surgeries.
Macular edema sometimes occurs for a few days or weeks (sometimes even much longer) after cataract surgery, but most such cases can be successfully treated with NSAID or cortisone eye drops. Prophylactic use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been reported to reduce the risk of macular edema to some extent. [10]
Cataract surgery is one of the most cost-effective health interventions, since its economic benefits considerably exceed the cost of treatment. [ 128 ] [ 129 ] The 1998 World Health Report estimated 19.34 million people were bilaterally blind due to age-related cataracts, and that cataracts were responsible for 43% of all cases of blindness.
About 3 to 6 million people get acute conjunctivitis each year in the United States. [1] [3] Typically, people get better in one or two weeks. [1] [3] If visual loss, significant pain, sensitivity to light or signs of herpes occur, or if symptoms do not improve after a week, further diagnosis and treatment may be required. [3]
Cataract surgery by “couching” (lens depression) is one of the oldest surgical procedures. The technique involves using a sharp instrument to push the cloudy lens to the bottom of the eye. Perhaps this procedure is that which is mentioned in the articles of the Code of Hammurabi (ca. 1792–1750 BC) though it is a mere speculation.
Treatment should be considered if resorption does not occur within 3–4 months, [19] spontaneously or as the result of counselling. [1] The available evidence suggests that half-dose (or half-fluence) photodynamic therapy is the treatment of choice for CSR with subretinal fluid for longer than 3–4 months.
Posterior capsular opacification, also known as after-cataract, is a condition in which months or years after successful cataract surgery, vision deteriorates or problems with glare and light scattering recur, usually due to thickening of the back or posterior capsule surrounding the implanted lens, so-called 'posterior lens capsule opacification'.
Complications after cataract surgery are relatively uncommon. Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) may occur but does not directly threaten vision. [23] Some people develop a posterior capsular opacification (PCO), also called an after-cataract. This may compromise visual acuity, and can usually be safely and painlessly corrected using a laser.