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The double PCL sign is best observed on sagittal T2-weighted or proton density-weighted MRI images. [5] Key features include: [6] Duplicated PCL Appearance: The native PCL appears as a curvilinear low-signal intensity structure in its typical anatomical location.The displaced meniscal fragment appears as a second parallel low-signal structure inferior to the PCL.
Key findings on MRI include: Double PCL sign: The displaced meniscal fragment mimics the appearance of a second posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) on sagittal images. Flipped meniscus appearance: The displaced fragment creates an abnormal signal within the joint in sagittal view. Plain Radiographs (X-rays): While X-rays cannot visualize meniscal ...
High quality MRI images (1.5 T magnet or higher [22]) of the knee can be extremely useful to diagnose injuries to the posterolateral corner and other major structures of the knee. [23] While the standard coronal, sagittal and axial films are useful, thin slice (2 mm ) coronal oblique images should also be obtained when looking for PLC injuries ...
An additional test of posterior cruciate ligament injury is the posterior sag test, where, in contrast to the drawer test, no active force is applied. Rather, the person lies supine with the leg held by another person so that the hip is flexed to 90 degrees and the knee 90 degrees. [ 3 ]
Typically there is a tear of the anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, and either the medial collateral ligament or lateral collateral ligament. [3] If the ankle–brachial pressure index is less than 0.9, CT angiography is recommended to detect blood vessel injury. [3] Otherwise repeated physical exams may be sufficient. [2]
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The PCL is located within the knee joint where it stabilizes the articulating bones, particularly the femur and the tibia, during movement.It originates from the lateral edge of the medial femoral condyle and the roof of the intercondyle notch [2] then stretches, at a posterior and lateral angle, toward the posterior of the tibia just below its articular surface.
Bucket handle tear; Bulging fissure sign; Bunches of grapes sign (hepatic abscess) Bunch of grapes sign (botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma) Bunch of grapes sign (bronchiectasis) Bunch of grapes sign (hydatidiform mole) Bunch of grapes sign (intracranial tuberculoma) Bunch of grapes sign (intraosseous haemangiomas) Bunch of grapes sign (IPMN)