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Elizebeth Smith Friedman (August 26, 1892 – October 31, 1980) was an American cryptanalyst and author who deciphered enemy codes in both World Wars and helped to solve international smuggling cases during Prohibition.
Another significant cryptanalyst named Elizabeth Smith Friedman was the first to discover the US government’s codebreaking bureau in 1916, where she worked for Riverbank at an unconventional Illinois estate. During prohibition, she deciphered the codes of which businesses were smuggling alcoholic beverages, also known as rum running.
William Frederick Friedman (September 24, 1891 – November 12, 1969) was a US Army cryptographer who ran the research division of the Army's Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) in the 1930s, and parts of its follow-on services into the 1950s.
Elizebeth Smith, a Shakespearean scholar, was employed by Fabyan to work with Gallup. Later, a geneticist employed by Fabyan, William F. Friedman, joined the effort, initially as a photographer, and then later drawn into the cryptography effort, such that he eventually became the head of the Codes & Ciphers department in Friedman's lab. [16]
Jason is an investigative reporter with the San Francisco Chronicle. His work has appeared The New York Times, GQ, New York and Wired. His latest book, The Woman Who Smashed Codes, about the American codebreaker Elizebeth Smith Friedman, was published in 2017.
In 1920, while continuing to work with the Navy, Driscoll studied at the Riverbank Laboratories in Geneva, Illinois, where fellow code breakers, including William F. Friedman and Elizebeth Smith Friedman worked. [3] She is known to have also worked at the American Black Chamber run by Herbert Yardley.
A few women, including Elizabeth Friedman and Agnes Meyer Driscoll, had been major contributors to US code-breaking in the 1930s and the Navy and Army began actively recruiting top graduates of women's colleges shortly before the attack on Pearl Harbor. Liza Mundy argues that this disparity in utilizing the talents of women between the Allies ...
Jean Argles (1925–2023), British code breaker in World War II; Arne Beurling (1905–1986), Swedish mathematician and cryptographer. Lambros D. Callimahos, US, NSA, worked with William F. Friedman, taught NSA cryptanalysts. Ann Z. Caracristi, US, SIS, solved Japanese Army codes in World War II, later became deputy director of National ...