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This page is a sortable table of plants used as herbs and/or spices.This includes plants used as seasoning agents in foods or beverages (including teas), plants used for herbal medicine, and plants used as incense or similar ingested or partially ingested ritual components.
The seeds are usually about 1 to 2 millimetres (1 ⁄ 32 to 3 ⁄ 32 in) in diameter and may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are an important spice in many regional foods and may come from one of three different plants: black mustard (Brassica nigra), brown mustard , or white mustard (Sinapis alba).
The mustard plant is any one of several plant species in the genera Brassica, Rhamphospermum and Sinapis in the family Brassicaceae (the mustard family). Mustard seed is used as a spice . Grinding and mixing the seeds with water, vinegar, or other liquids creates the yellow condiment known as prepared mustard .
The plants are harvested for their seeds just prior to the seed pods becoming ripe and bursting open (dehiscing). White mustard seeds are hard spheroid seeds, usually around 1.0 to 1.5 mm (0.039 to 0.059 in) in diameter, [9] with a color ranging from beige or yellow to light brown. They can be used whole for pickling or toasted for use in dishes.
The genus name Nigella is a diminutive of the Latin niger "black", referring to the seed color. [6] [7] The specific epithet sativa means "cultivated".[6]In English, Nigella sativa and its seed are variously called black caraway, black seed, black cumin, fennel flower, nigella, nutmeg flower, Roman coriander, [3] [6] black onion seed [8] and kalonji.
Kokum – Garcinia indica, a plant in the mangosteen family, commonly known as kokum, is a fruit-bearing tree that has culinary, pharmaceutical, and industrial uses. Korarima – Aframomum corrorima is a species in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. [29] Lime, black – spice used in Middle Eastern dishes.
A spice is generally made from ground seeds of the plant, [1] [14] [15] with the seed coats removed. The small (1 mm) seeds are hard and vary in color from dark brown to black. They are flavorful, although they have almost no aroma. The seeds are commonly used in Indian cuisine, [16] for example in curry, where it is known as rai. [17]
In the culinary arts, a spice is any seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance in a form primarily used for flavoring or coloring food. Spices are distinguished from herbs , which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for flavoring or as a garnish .