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Hypermobility, also known as double-jointedness, describes joints that stretch farther than normal. [2] For example, some hypermobile people can bend their thumbs backwards to their wrists and bend their knee joints backwards, put their leg behind the head or perform other contortionist "tricks".
Humans therefore have smaller toes than their bipedal ancestors. This includes a non-opposable hallux, which is relocated in line with the other toes. [7] The push off would also require all the toes to be slightly bent up. [8] Humans have a foot arch rather than being flat footed. [7]
Often, the injury occurs when someone or something falls on the back of the calf while that leg's knee and tips of the toes are touching the ground. The toe is hyperextended and thus the joint is injured. Additionally, athletic shoes with very flexible soles combined with cleats that "grab" the turf will cause overextension of the big toe.
A bunion, also known as hallux valgus, is a deformity of the MTP joint connecting the big toe to the foot. [2] The big toe often bends towards the other toes and the joint becomes red and painful. [2] The onset of bunions is typically gradual. [2] Complications may include bursitis or arthritis. [2] The exact cause is unclear. [1]
Illustration showing Akin osteotomy correction of the big toe. Akin osteotomy is a surgical procedure often used in the treatment of hallux valgus deformity, more commonly known as a bunion. [1] A bunion is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe, often resulting in the toe pointing abnormally toward the second toe.
Romanian dead lift. Stand while holding on to a weight of your choice. Hinge at your hips while keeping your knees relatively straight while the object moves toward your toes for a stretch in the ...
The style of bound feet found in Song dynasty tombs, where the big toe was bent upwards, appears to be different from the norm of later eras—an ideal known as the 'three-inch golden lotus'—may be a later development in the 16th century. [17] [18]
The toe muscles work in pairs; if the muscles pulling in one direction are much weaker than those pulling in the other direction, the imbalance can bend the toe. If the bend persists, then as the tendons and ligaments tighten (as they do if not stretched), [7] the bend may become permanent. [4] Ill-fitting shoes are especially likely to push ...