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The Automatic Thought Questionnaire 30 (ATQ 30) is a scientific questionnaire created by Steven D. Hollon and Phillip C. Kendall that measures automatic negative thoughts. . The ATQ 30 consists of 30 negative statements and asks participants to indicate how often they experienced the negative thought during the course of the week on a scale of 1–5 (1=Low-High=
Talking to yourself is only concerning if that self-talk is negative. "While positive self-talk may be very beneficial, negative self-talk may be extremely damaging," Dr. Kain says.
Because of its many functions and influences, intrapersonal communication is usually understood as a significant psychological phenomenon. It plays a key role in mental health, specifically in relation to positive and negative self-talk. Negative self-talk focuses on bad aspects of the self, at times in an excessively critical way.
Autobiographical memory is personal episodic memory of self-related information and specific events. [32] Stress tends to impair the accuracy of autobiographical memories, but does not impair the frequency or confidence in them. [41] After exposure to an emotional and stressful negative event, flashback memories can be evident. [41]
Beck suggests that people with negative self-schemata are liable to interpret information presented to them in a negative manner, leading to the cognitive distortions outlined above. The pessimistic explanatory style , which describes the way in which depressed or neurotic people react negatively to certain events, is an example of the effect ...
In Chapter 2, titled "Symptomatology of Depression", he described "cognitive manifestations" of depression, including low self-evaluation, negative expectations, self-blame and self-criticism, indecisiveness, and distortion of the body image. [11] Beck's student David D. Burns continued research on the topic.
Use of the term CBT may refer to different interventions, including "self-instructions (e.g. distraction, imagery, motivational self-talk), relaxation and/or biofeedback, development of adaptive coping strategies (e.g. minimizing negative or self-defeating thoughts), changing maladaptive beliefs about pain, and goal setting". [64]
Self-blame is a cognitive process in which an individual attributes the occurrence of a stressful event to oneself. The direction of blame often has implications for individuals’ emotions and behaviors during and following stressful situations. [1] [2] Self-blame is a common reaction to stressful events [1] and has certain effects on how ...