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  2. Stirling's approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling's_approximation

    One way of stating the approximation involves the logarithm of the factorial: ⁡ (!) = ⁡ + (⁡), where the big O notation means that, for all sufficiently large values of , the difference between ⁡ (!

  3. Factorial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial

    It follows that arbitrarily large prime numbers can be found as the prime factors of the numbers !, leading to a proof of Euclid's theorem that the number of primes is infinite. [35] When n ! ± 1 {\displaystyle n!\pm 1} is itself prime it is called a factorial prime ; [ 36 ] relatedly, Brocard's problem , also posed by Srinivasa Ramanujan ...

  4. Large numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_numbers

    Large numbers, far beyond those ... Combinatorial processes give rise to astonishingly large numbers. The factorial function, which quantifies permutations of a fixed ...

  5. Googol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Googol

    A googol is the large number 10 100 or ten to the power of one hundred. ... (factorial of 70). Using an integral, binary numeral system, one would need 333 ...

  6. Integer factorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_factorization

    For larger numbers, especially when using a computer, various more sophisticated factorization algorithms are more efficient. A prime factorization algorithm typically involves testing whether each factor is prime each time a factor is found. When the numbers are sufficiently large, no efficient non-quantum integer factorization algorithm is ...

  7. List of largest known primes and probable primes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_known...

    These numbers have been proved prime by computer with a primality test for their form, for example the Lucas–Lehmer primality test for Mersenne numbers. “!” is the factorial, “#” is the primorial, and () is the third cyclotomic polynomial, defined as + +.

  8. Gamma function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_function

    In mathematics, the gamma function (represented by Γ, capital Greek letter gamma) is the most common extension of the factorial function to complex numbers.Derived by Daniel Bernoulli, the gamma function () is defined for all complex numbers except non-positive integers, and for every positive integer =, () = ()!.

  9. Table of prime factors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_prime_factors

    A factorial x! is the product of all numbers from 1 to x. The first: 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, 362880, 3628800, 39916800, 479001600 (sequence A000142 in the OEIS). 0! = 1 is sometimes included. A k-smooth number (for a natural number k) has its prime factors ≤ k (so it is also j-smooth for any j > k).