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The first Eighth Air Force aircraft to receive unit markings were the Spitfires of the 4th and 31st Fighter Groups training with RAF Fighter Command in September 1942. The markings were two-letter fuselage squadron codes located on one side of the national insignia and a single letter aircraft code on the other side.
Of all the early operators of military aircraft, Germany was unusual in not using circular roundels. After evaluating several possible markings, including a black, red, and white checkerboard, a similarly coloured roundel, and black stripes, it chose a black 'iron cross' on a square white field, as it was already in use on various flags, and reflected Germany's heritage as the Holy Roman Empire.
Aircraft registration, unique alphanumeric string that identifies every aircraft; Invasion stripes, alternating black and white bands painted on the fuselages and wings of World War II Allied aircraft, for the purpose of increased recognition by friendly forces; Military aircraft insignia, applied to military aircraft to identify the nation or ...
U.S. Army Signal Corps Curtiss JN-3 biplanes with red star insignia, 1915 Nieuport 28 with the World War 1 era American roundels. The first military aviation insignias of the United States include a star used by the US Army Signal Corps Aviation Section, seen during the Pancho Villa punitive expedition, just over a year before American involvement in World War I began.
The squadron code is usually presented along with an individual letter or character to form a call sign for the particular aircraft. Location of the call sign combination has usually been on the rear fuselage next to the RAF roundel. In instances when an unusually large numbers of aircraft comprise the squadron, multiple squadron codes have ...
Also listed is the group's tail code—the noted letter would appear inside the geometric shape (for example, J means the letter J would appear inside a triangle). Some squadrons and groups also used specific color bands on the wings or empennage of their aircraft; such colorings are not presented here. Notes:
Lt Col James H. Howard's P-51 Mustang with 12 kill marks for aerial victories over German and Japanese pilots. A victory marking (also called a victory mark, kill marking, or kill mark, or mission symbol) is a symbol applied in stencil or decal to the side of a military aircraft, ship or ground vehicle to denote a victory achieved by the pilot or crew against an aerial target.
Vultee XA-41 - Prototype ground attack aircraft; Culver PQ-8/A-8 - Radio-controlled target aircraft; Culver PQ-14 Cadet - Radio-controlled target aircraft; Curtiss A-12 Shrike - Attack bomber; Curtiss XA-14/Curtiss A-18 Shrike - Attack bomber; Curtiss-Wright AT-9 Jeep - Advanced twin-engine pilot trainer; Curtiss-Wright C-46 Commando - Transport