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The first Eighth Air Force aircraft to receive unit markings were the Spitfires of the 4th and 31st Fighter Groups training with RAF Fighter Command in September 1942. The markings were two-letter fuselage squadron codes located on one side of the national insignia and a single letter aircraft code on the other side.
Of all the early operators of military aircraft, Germany was unusual in not using circular roundels. After evaluating several possible markings, including a black, red, and white checkerboard, a similarly coloured roundel, and black stripes, it chose a black 'iron cross' on a square white field, as it was already in use on various flags, and reflected Germany's heritage as the Holy Roman Empire.
Other air forces, especially those from other Commonwealth countries, have often used similar systems of identification. During the Second World War , when units from other air forces were attached to the RAF; such as the Article XV squadrons (also known as '400 series squadrons'), their squadron codes were often changed, to avoid confusion ...
U.S. Army Signal Corps Curtiss JN-3 biplanes with red star insignia, 1915 Nieuport 28 with the World War 1 era American roundels. The first military aviation insignias of the United States include a star used by the US Army Signal Corps Aviation Section, seen during the Pancho Villa punitive expedition, just over a year before American involvement in World War I began.
Also listed is the group's tail code—the noted letter would appear inside the geometric shape (for example, J means the letter J would appear inside a triangle). Some squadrons and groups also used specific color bands on the wings or empennage of their aircraft; such colorings are not presented here. Notes:
Aircraft markings are symbols and annotations painted on aircraft, primarily for visual identification. Types of aircraft markings include: Aircraft registration, unique alphanumeric string that identifies every aircraft; Invasion stripes, alternating black and white bands painted on the fuselages and wings of World War II Allied aircraft, for ...
Royal Observer Corps aircraft spotters during World War II. It was the creed of the British War Department and the Air Ministry, at the start of the war, that accurate recognition of high-flying and fast-moving aircraft was not possible. The spare-time volunteers of the Observer Corps disagreed and between 1938 and 1939 they started developing ...
Identification chart of Japanese aircraft Mitsubishi G3M aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy were nicknamed "Nell" by Allied forces during World War II.. The World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft were reporting names, often described as codenames, given by Allied personnel to Imperial Japanese aircraft during the Pacific campaign of World War II.