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  2. RNA polymerase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_polymerase

    RNA polymerase can also relieve the stress by releasing its downstream contacts, arresting transcription. The paused transcribing complex has two options: (1) release the nascent transcript and begin anew at the promoter or (2) reestablish a new 3′-OH on the nascent transcript at the active site via RNA polymerase's catalytic activity and ...

  3. RNA polymerase I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_polymerase_I

    Initiation: the construction of the RNA polymerase complex on the gene's promoter with the help of transcription factors; Elongation: the actual transcription of the majority of the gene into a corresponding RNA sequence; Termination: the cessation of RNA transcription and the disassembly of the RNA polymerase complex.

  4. RNA polymerase II - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_polymerase_II

    Function of RNA polymerase II (transcription). Green: newly synthesized RNA strand by enzyme. RNA polymerase II (RNAP II and Pol II) is a multiprotein complex that transcribes DNA into precursors of messenger RNA (mRNA) and most small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and microRNA. [1] [2] It is one of the three RNAP enzymes found in the nucleus of ...

  5. Transcription (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(biology)

    In bacteria, there is one general RNA transcription factor known as a sigma factor. RNA polymerase core enzyme binds to the bacterial general transcription (sigma) factor to form RNA polymerase holoenzyme and then binds to a promoter. [6] (RNA polymerase is called a holoenzyme when sigma subunit is attached to the core enzyme which is consist ...

  6. Bacterial transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_transcription

    Bacterial transcription is the process in which a segment of bacterial DNA is copied into a newly synthesized strand of messenger RNA (mRNA) with use of the enzyme RNA polymerase. The process occurs in three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination; and the result is a strand of mRNA that is complementary to a single strand of DNA.

  7. RNA polymerase II holoenzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_polymerase_II_holoenzyme

    RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It consists of RNA polymerase II , a subset of general transcription factors , and regulatory proteins known as SRB proteins [ clarification needed ] .

  8. Eukaryotic transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription

    The transcription, a complete set of general transcription factors and RNA polymerase need to be assembled at the core promoter to form the ~2.5 million Dalton preinitiation complex. [16] For example, for promoters that contain a TATA box near the TSS, the recognition of TATA box by the TBP subunit of TFIID initiates the assembly of a ...

  9. Sigma factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigma_factor

    The core RNA polymerase (consisting of 2 alpha (α), 1 beta (β), 1 beta-prime (β'), and 1 omega (ω) subunits) binds a sigma factor to form a complex called the RNA polymerase holoenzyme. It was previously believed that the RNA polymerase holoenzyme initiates transcription, while the core RNA polymerase alone synthesizes RNA.