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Penile artery shunt syndrome (PASS) is an iatrogenic clinical phenomenon first described by Tariq Hakky, Christopher Yang, Jonathan Pavlinec, Kamal Massis, and Rafael Carrion within the Sexual Medicine Program in the Department of Urology, at the University of South Florida, and Ricardo Munarriz, of Boston University School of Medicine Department of Urology in 2013.
It passes between the crus penis [2] and the pubic symphysis [citation needed] of the pelvis to reach the dorsal surface of the corpus cavernosus penis. [2]As it pierces the perineal membrane, it (depending upon the source) passes between the two layers of the suspensory ligament of the penis, [citation needed] or pierces the lateral lamina of the suspensory ligament of penis.
Venous leak is an inability to maintain an erection in the presence of sufficient arterial blood flow through the cavernosal arteries of the penis. [6] The defect lies in the excessive drainage of veins in the cavernosal tissue of the penis, which undermines normal erectile function.
This keeps the artery coiled, and little blood flow occurs, instead routing to arteriovenous shunts to the deep dorsal vein. Parasympathetic stimulation removes the tonic state and allows vasodilation of the intimal cushion. Blood now pools in the corpora cavernosa, resulting in erection. The valves prevent backflow in the now-tortuous route ...
The dorsal arteries of the penis are located adjacent to the deep dorsal vein and a cavernous artery is located in the center of each corpus cavernosum. On color Doppler, the cavernous arteries present single phase flow. In the flaccid penis (Figure 3), the normal cavernous arteries show a systolic peak between 11 and 20 cm/s.
Arterial occlusion is a condition involving partial or complete blockage of blood flow through an artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to body tissues. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] An occlusion of arteries disrupts oxygen and blood supply to tissues, leading to ischemia . [ 1 ]
Penile plethysmography (PPG) or phallometry is a measurement of blood flow to the penis, typically used as a proxy for measurement of sexual arousal.The most commonly reported methods of conducting penile plethysmography involves the measurement of the circumference of the penis with a mercury-in-rubber or electromechanical strain gauge, or the volume of the penis with an airtight cylinder and ...
When a large amount of blood flows to the genital region, the penis becomes erect and the testicles also experience increased blood flow and swelling. [4] In the vulva, the blood flow increases in erectile tissue, causing it to expand. After orgasm, the tissue shrinks back to its initial size as most of the blood leaves.