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There are various differences between XHTML and HTML. The Document Object Model (DOM) is a tree structure that represents the page internally in applications, and XHTML and HTML are two different ways of representing that in markup. Both are less expressive than the DOM – for example, "--" may be placed in comments in the DOM, but cannot be ...
The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) began work on the new standard in 2004. At that time, HTML 4.01 had not been updated since 2000, [10] and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was focusing future developments on XHTML 2.0.
Aside from the different opening declarations for a document, the differences between an HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.0 document—in each of the corresponding DTDs—are largely syntactic. The underlying syntax of HTML allows many shortcuts that XHTML does not, such as elements with optional opening or closing tags, and even empty elements which must ...
One of the most noticeable differences between HTML and XHTML is the rule that all tags must be closed: empty HTML tags such as <br> must either be closed with a regular end-tag, or replaced by a special form: <br /> (the space before the '/' on the end tag is optional, but frequently used because it enables some pre-XML Web browsers, and SGML ...
For example, a "table" element could be defined in a new namespace with new semantics different from the HTML "table" element and the browser will be able to differentiate between the two. In providing namespaces, XHTML combined with CSS allow authoring communities to easily extend the semantic vocabulary of documents.
Converters exist for TeX/LaTeX and XHTML+Mathml: Textile: 2002 [3] Dean Allen Text editor: Web browser (XHTML or HTML output), reference and tester (uses latest PHP-Textile version 3.5.5) Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) 1990 Text Encoding Initiative Consortium Text/XML editor: Web Browser (using XHTML), PDF, Word Processor (using ODF) or EPUB
The elements in each are identical, and in most cases valid XHTML 1.0 documents will be valid or nearly valid HTML 4.01 documents. This article mainly focuses on real HTML, unless noted otherwise; however, it remains applicable to XHTML. See HTML for a discussion of the minor differences between the two.
CSS is designed around styling a document, structured in a markup language, HTML and XML (including XHTML and SVG) documents. It was created for that purpose. It was created for that purpose. The code CSS is non-XML syntax to define the style information for the various elements of the document that it styles.