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The Invasion of Poland, [e] also known as the September Campaign, [f] Polish Campaign, [g] and Polish Defensive War of 1939 [h] [13] (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. [14]
In the Soviet invasion of Poland, the Red Army intervenes in the German-Polish war on the German side, beginning its advance towards the German-Soviet demarcation line agreed in the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. [26]: 125 Polish defense of Sarny against the Soviets begins. [60] Presidential proclamation of Ignacy Mościcki in Kuty. [60]
The German aggression was anticipated by the Poles from the spring of 1939, when Poland refused to join the Axis against the Soviet Union (see Polish Soviet War of 1919-1920). Poland’s strategy during the forecasted war would be to withstand the initial German attack and trigger France and Great Britain to declare war on Germany, and ...
Already during the 1939 German invasion, dedicated units of SS and police (the Einsatzgruppen) were tasked with arresting or outright killing of those resisting the Germans. [10] [75] [76] They were aided by some regular German army units and "self-defense" forces composed of members of the German minority in Poland, the Volksdeutsche. [10]
German invasion plan for Poland. Fall Weiss ("Case White", "Plan White"; German spelling Fall Weiß) was the German strategic plan for the invasion of Poland.The German military High Command finalized its operational orders on 15 June 1939 and the invasion commenced on 1 September, precipitating World War II.
Part of the Invasion of Poland: Tactical map of the battle: Date: September 7–10, 1939: Location: Wizna, ... Result: German victory: Belligerents Germany Poland ...
The Defence of the Polish Post Office in Danzig was one of the first acts of World War II in Europe, as part of the September Campaign. [1] [3]: 39, 42 On 1 September 1939 the Invasion of Poland was initiated by Germany when the battleship Schleswig-Holstein opened fire on the Polish-controlled harbor of Danzig, around 04:45–48 hours.
In October 1939, a month after the invasion of Poland, Nazi Germany annexed an area of 92,500 square kilometres (35,700 sq mi) [2] (23.7% [2] of pre-war Poland) with a population of about 10,000,000 people (30% [2] of the pre-war Polish population).