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The Kingdom of Powys (Welsh pronunciation:; Latin: Regnum Poysiae) was a Welsh successor state, petty kingdom and principality that emerged during the Middle Ages following the end of Roman rule in Britain. It very roughly covered the northern two-thirds of the modern county of Powys and part of today's English West Midlands (see map
Powys as the easternmost of the major kingdoms of Wales came under the most pressure from the English in Cheshire, Shropshire and Herefordshire. This kingdom originally extended east into areas now in England, and its ancient capital, Pengwern, has been variously identified as modern Shrewsbury or a site north of Baschurch. [7]
The Kingdom of Powys also had a strong ruler at this time in Madog ap Maredudd, but when his death in 1160 was quickly followed by the death of his heir, Llywelyn ap Madog, Powys was split into two parts and never subsequently reunited. [12] Norman England held control of much of the Welsh borders and southern agricultural land.
Frankish Empire: Tournai, Paris Kingdom/Empire 481–843 AD Holland: The Hague Countship 11th century–1795 AD Holy Roman Empire: No official Empire 962–1806 AD Lorraine: Nancy Dukedom 959–1766 AD Lotharingia: Kingdom 855–959 AD Middle Francia: Aachen Kingdom 843–855 AD Normandy: Rouen Duchy 911–1259 AD Old Saxony: Dukedom 758–804 ...
The 25 Early Medieval include 16 sections of Offa's Dyke, along with other dykes and an inscribed stone. The 62 medieval sites are overwhelmingly defensive structures, particularly mottes, but also including castles, settlements, town defences and a gallows. The ten post-medieval sites include mines, bridges, agricultural features and a railway.
Wales as a nation was defined in opposition to later English settlement and incursions into the island of Great Britain. In the early middle ages, the people of Wales continued to think of themselves as Britons, the people of the whole island, but over the course of time one group of these Britons became isolated by the geography of the western peninsula, bounded by the sea and English neighbours.
The kingdom of Powys covered the eastern part of central Wales.Regions included Builth and Gwerthrynion.It is important to note it was occupied by the Irish for a few years by Banadl (usually given as 441–447 AD), and was united with Gwynedd in 854 upon the death of Cyngen ap Cadell by his nephew Rhodri Mawr.
Map of Welsh cantrefs. Arwystli was a cantref in mid Wales in the Middle Ages, located in the headland of the River Severn.It was chiefly associated with the Kingdom of Powys, but was heavily disputed between Powys, Gwynedd, and the Norman Marcher Lords for hundreds of years, and was the scene of many skirmishes between those groups.