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The New Testament (the half of the Christian Bible that provides an account of Jesus's life and teachings, and the orthodox history of the early Christian Church) The Talmud (the main compendium of Rabbinal debates, legends, and laws) The Tanakh (the redacted collection of Jewish religious writings from the period)
A History of Christianity (2009) presented by Diarmaid MacCulloch for the BBC; Paul Johnson (1976). A History of Christianity. Touchstone Simon and Schuster ISBN 0-684-81503-6; Reginald H. Fuller (1965). The Foundations of New Testament Christology, Scribners. John P. Meier (1991-2016). A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus, v. 1-5.
Christian scripture was formalized as the New Testament by the fourth century, [153] [154] distinguishing it from the Hebrew Old Testament. Despite agreement on these texts, differences between Eastern and Western churches were becoming evident. [155] [156] Latin was used by the west but not the east, where Greek, Syrian, and other languages ...
The New Testament was transmitted through thousands of manuscripts in various languages and church quotations and contains variants. Textual criticism uses surviving manuscripts to reconstruct the oldest version feasible and to chart the history of the written tradition. [3] The New Testament has varied reception among Christians today.
The doctrine of the Trinity, considered the core of Christian theology by Trinitarians, is the result of continuous exploration by the church of the biblical data, thrashed out in debate and treatises, eventually formulated at the First Council of Nicaea in AD 325 in a way they believe is consistent with the biblical witness, and further refined in later councils and writings. [1]
Rabbula Gospels. At the beginning of the fifth century, all the NT books (with the exception of 2 Peter, 2 John, 3 John, Jude, Revelation) were re-translated, perhaps to blur the differences that existed between the various existing translations. [4]
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Christian theology: . Christian theology is the study of Christian belief and practice. Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and the New Testament as well as on Christian tradition.
Paul's influence on Christian thinking is said to be more significant than that of any other New Testament author. [169] According to the New Testament, Saul of Tarsus first persecuted the early Jewish Christians, but then converted. He adopted the name Paul and started proselytizing among the Gentiles, calling himself "Apostle to the Gentiles."