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The New Testament (the half of the Christian Bible that provides an account of Jesus's life and teachings, and the orthodox history of the early Christian Church) The Talmud (the main compendium of Rabbinal debates, legends, and laws) The Tanakh (the redacted collection of Jewish religious writings from the period)
Christian scripture was formalized as the New Testament by the fourth century, [153] [154] distinguishing it from the Hebrew Old Testament. Despite agreement on these texts, differences between Eastern and Western churches were becoming evident. [155] [156] Latin was used by the west but not the east, where Greek, Syrian, and other languages ...
The New Testament was transmitted through thousands of manuscripts in various languages and church quotations and contains variants. Textual criticism uses surviving manuscripts to reconstruct the oldest version feasible and to chart the history of the written tradition. [3] The New Testament has varied reception among Christians today.
A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years is a 2009 book written by the English ecclesiastical historian Diarmaid MacCulloch, Professor of the History of the Church at the University of Oxford. It is a survey of the historical development of the Christian religion since its inception in the 1st century to the contemporary era. [1]
The doctrine of the Trinity, considered the core of Christian theology by Trinitarians, is the result of continuous exploration by the church of the biblical data, thrashed out in debate and treatises, eventually formulated at the First Council of Nicaea in AD 325 in a way they believe is consistent with the biblical witness, and further refined in later councils and writings. [1]
The canon of the New Testament is the set of books many modern Christians regard as divinely inspired and constituting the New Testament of the Christian Bible.For most churches, the canon is an agreed-upon list of 27 books [1] that includes the canonical Gospels, Acts, letters attributed to various apostles, and Revelation.
The New Testament books were connected by the early church to the apostles, though modern scholarship has cast doubt on the authorship of most New Testament books. In the traditional history of the Christian church, the Apostolic Age was the foundation upon which the entire church's history is founded. [122]
[152] [aa] [ab] [ac] The term "New Testament" came into use in the second century during a controversy over whether the Hebrew Bible should be included with the Christian writings as sacred scripture. [154] It is generally accepted that the New Testament writers were Jews who took the inspiration of the Old Testament for granted.