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Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to repeated trauma to the head. The encephalopathy symptoms can include behavioral problems, mood problems, and problems with thinking. [1] [4] The disease often gets worse over time and can result in dementia. [2]
The study of CTE's relationship with American football began in 2002. Since then, hundreds of players have been diagnosed posthumously with CTE, including a number of players who committed suicide. CTE has affected not only professional football players, but also athletes who played only in college or in high school.
In comparison, a 2018 BU study of the general population found one CTE case in 164 autopsies, and that one person with CTE had played college football. [1] The NFL acknowledged a link between playing American football and being diagnosed with CTE in 2016, after denying such a link for over a decade and arguing that players' symptoms had other ...
[2] [3] According to Boston University, CTE is a brain degenerative disease found in athletes, military veterans, and others with a history of repetitive brain trauma. Although CTE is highly controversial and misunderstood, it is believed that a protein called Tau forms clumps that slowly spread throughout the brain, killing brain cells.
Tua Tagovailoa with the Miami Dolphins in 2021. After Tua Tagovailoa, quarterback of the Miami Dolphins, suffered a series of head injuries during the 2022 and 2024 NFL seasons, controversy ensured in the resulting responses and debates among medical experts, sports figures, and fans surrounding how they were handled.
Bennet Ifeakandu Omalu // ⓘ (born September 30, 1968 [1]) is a Nigerian-American physician, forensic pathologist, and neuropathologist who was the first to discover and publish findings on chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in American football players while working at the Allegheny County coroner's office in Pittsburgh. [2]
Boston University's CTE Center was formed as a part of the school's Alzheimer's Disease Center (BU ADC) which was established in 1996. [5] As the prominence of long-term brain injuries continued to grow in the early 2000s, the CTE Center collaborated with the United States Department of Veteran Affairs and the Concussion Legacy Foundation to form the VA-BU-CLF Brain Bank.
League of Denial is a 2013 book, initially broadcast as a documentary film, about traumatic brain injury in the National Football League (NFL), particularly concussions and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The documentary, entitled League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis, was produced by Frontline and broadcast on PBS.