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The string-search functions in Lua script can run extremely fast, comparing millions of characters per second. For example, a search of a 40,000-character article text, for 99 separate words (passed as 99 parameters in a template), ran within one second of Lua CPU clock time.
Regular expressions (or regex) are a common and very versatile programming technique for manipulating strings. On Wikipedia you can use a limited version of regex called a Lua pattern to select and modify bits of text from a string. The pattern is a piece of code describing what you are looking for in the string.
However, assigning b=a() by calling the function stored in a will return the first match (a string). Every time you set b=a() after that you'll get another match (string) into b, until you run out of matches and get nil. Many iterator functions act this way. You can keep separate counts for iterator functions by using different variables.
If the plain parameter is set to false (default true) then the search strings are Lua patterns. This can usefully be put in a switch statement to pick a switch case based on which pattern a string matches. Returns the empty string if nothing matches, for use in {}. {{#invoke:String2|matchAny|123|abc|source=abc 124}} returns 2.
Wikipedia:Lua style guide – standards to improve the readability of code through consistency "What do converted templates look like?" (slideshow) Help:Lua debugging – a how-to guide about debugging Lua modules; Help:Lua for beginners – basic tutorial and pointers; Wikipedia:Lua string functions – string performance considerations and limits
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type - the string "ip" (used to differentiate between IP address objects and IP range objects). ip-version - the version of the IP protocol the address uses. This is either "IPv4" or "IPv6". matches-range - the sensitive IP range that the address matches, in CIDR notation.
Gestalt pattern matching, [1] also Ratcliff/Obershelp pattern recognition, [2] is a string-matching algorithm for determining the similarity of two strings. It was developed in 1983 by John W. Ratcliff and John A. Obershelp and published in the Dr. Dobb's Journal in July 1988.