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Many unaccusative verbs alternate with a corresponding transitive verb, where the unaccusative subject appears in direct object position. The ice melted. ≈ The sun melted the ice. The window broke. ≈ The golf ball broke the window. Past participles of unaccusative verb can be used as a nominal modifier with active meaning. This is not ...
The following flow chart depicts the difference between the two types of intransitive verbs; unaccusative and unergative. Unaccusative verbs are subdivided into "pure unaccusatives" and alternating unaccusatives (unaccusatives that are able to undergo causative alternation such as labile verbs).
This need not be reflexive, as in "My clothes soaked in detergent overnight.". In English, it is impossible to tell from the morphology whether the verb in Sentence (8) is an active voice unaccusative verb or a middle voice anticausative verb with active morphology. [10]
With certain intransitive verbs, adding the suffix "-ee" to the verb produces a label for the person performing the action: "John has retired" → "John is a retiree" "John has escaped" → "John is an escapee" However, with a transitive verb, adding "-ee" does not produce a label for the person doing the action.
Labile verbs can also be called "S=O-ambitransitive" (following R. M. W. Dixon's usage), or "ergative", [6] following Lyons's influential textbook from 1968. [7] However, the term "ergative verb" has also been used for unaccusative verbs, [8] and in most other contexts, it is used for ergative constructions.
Anticausative verbs are a subset of unaccusative verbs. Although the terms are generally synonymous, some unaccusative verbs are more obviously anticausative, while others ( fall , die , etc.) are not; it depends on whether causation is defined as having to do with an animate volitional agent (does "falling" mean "being accelerated down by ...
patient, experiencer; subject of an intransitive verb and direct object of a transitive verb: he pushed the door and it opened Basque | Tibetan: Absolutive case (2) patient, involuntary experiencer: he pushed the door and it opened; he slipped active-stative languages: Absolutive case (3) patient; experiencer; instrument: he pushed the door ...
Unaccusative verbs; V2 word order; Verb phrase ellipsis; Wh-movement This page was last edited on 12 July 2024, at 17:50 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative ...