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The Good Shepherd, c. 300–350, at the Catacombs of Domitilla, Rome. The Good Shepherd (Greek: ποιμὴν ὁ καλός, poimḗn ho kalós) is an image used in the pericope of John 10:1–21, in which Jesus Christ is depicted as the Good Shepherd who lays down his life for his sheep. Similar imagery is used in Psalm 23 and Ezekiel 34:11–16.
He describes himself here and in verse 9 as "the door of the sheep", [20] and in 10:11 and 10:14 as "the good shepherd". The word in Greek : θύρα is translated as "door" in the King James Version and the American Standard Version , but as "gate" in the New Revised Standard Version , the Common English Bible and other translations. [ 21 ]
The seven occurrences with a predicate nominative that have resulted in some of the titles for Jesus are: I am the Bread of Life (John 6:35) I am the Light of the World (John 8:12) I am the Door (John 10:9) I am the Good Shepherd (John 10:11,14) I am the Resurrection and the Life (John 11:25) I am the Way and the Truth and the Life (John 14:6)
This pattern of discipleship reemphasizes the Good Shepherd teachings in John 10:1–21 in which one "lays down his life" in obedience. [5] [17] And Jesus now refers to his disciples as friends: "Ye are my friends, if ye do the things which I command you." – John 15:14
The image of God rejoicing at the recovery of lost sinners contrasts with the criticism of the religious leaders which prompted the parable. [2] Justus Knecht gives the typical Catholic interpretation of this parable, writing: By the simile of the Good Shepherd our Lord teaches us how great is His compassionate love for all mankind.
The prescribed readings for that Sunday were from the First Epistle of Peter (Christ as a model – 1 Peter 2:21–25), and from the Gospel of John, (the Good Shepherd – John 10:11–16). [3] During the cycle of 1724/25, the text of the inner stanzas of a hymn was paraphrased by a contemporary poet with whom Bach collaborated.
"Good Shepherd" originated in a very early 19th century hymn written by the Methodist minister Reverend John Adam Granade (1770–1807), "Let Thy Kingdom, Blessed Savior". [1] [2] [3] Granade was a significant figure of the Great Revival in the American West during the 19th century's first decade, as the most important author of camp meeting hymns during that time. [4]
Codex Bezae, text of John 1:1-16. John 1:4. εν αυτῳ ζωη εστιν (in him is life) – א D it vg mss Irenaeus lat Heracleon Clement pt Origen pttext omitted – W supp εν αυτῳ ζωη ῃν (in him was life) – All other mss.