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The rule of nines was devised by Pulaski and Tennison in 1947, and published by Alexander Burns Wallace in 1951. [2] To estimate the body surface area of a burn, the rule of nines assigns BSA values to each major body part: [3] This allows the emergency medical provider to obtain a quick estimate of how much body surface area is burned.
In adults, the Wallace rule of nines can be used to determine the total percentage of area burned for each major section of the body. [ 1 ] In burn cases that involve partial body areas, or when dermatologists are evaluating the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score, the patient's palm can serve a reference point roughly equivalent to ...
The burn percentage in adults can be estimated by applying the Wallace rule of nines (see total body surface area): 9% for each arm, 18% for each leg, 18% for the front of the torso, 18% for the back of the torso, and 9% for the head and 1% for the perineum. [7]
Rule of nines or rule of nine may refer to: Rule of nine (linguistics), an orthographic rule of the Ukrainian language. Rule of nines (mathematics), a test for divisibility by 9 involving summing the decimal digits of a number; Wallace rule of nines, used to determine the percentage of total body surface area affected when assessing burn injuries
Vice President Kamala Harris on Monday said the first rule to set minimum staffing levels at federally funded nursing homes and require that a certain portion of the taxpayer dollars they receive ...
The rule of nines is easy to remember but only accurate in people over 16 years of age. [11] More accurate estimates can be made using Lund and Browder charts, which take into account the different proportions of body parts in adults and children. [ 11 ]
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