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The negative slope of the indifference curve reflects the assumption of the monotonicity of consumer's preferences, which generates monotonically increasing utility functions, and the assumption of non-satiation (marginal utility for all goods is always positive); an upward sloping indifference curve would imply that a consumer is indifferent ...
On the other hand, coconuts are goods. This is why the indifference curves are positively sloped. The maximum amount of labour is indicated by L'. The distance from L' to the chosen supply of labour (L*) gives Crusoe's demand for leisure. Notice Crusoe's budget line. It has a slope of w and passes through the point (0,Π). This point is his ...
Then the derivatives of v imply that every indifference curve is upward sloped: that is, along any indifference curve dμ w / dσ w > 0. Moreover, it can be shown [3] that all such indifference curves are convex: along any indifference curve, d 2 μ w / d(σ w) 2 > 0. Example 2: The portfolio analysis in example 1 can be generalized.
Under the standard assumption of neoclassical economics that goods and services are continuously divisible, the marginal rates of substitution will be the same regardless of the direction of exchange, and will correspond to the slope of an indifference curve (more precisely, to the slope multiplied by −1) passing through the consumption bundle in question, at that point: mathematically, it ...
Right graph: With fixed probabilities of two alternative states 1 and 2, risk averse indifference curves over pairs of state-contingent outcomes are convex. In economics and finance , risk aversion is the tendency of people to prefer outcomes with low uncertainty to those outcomes with high uncertainty, even if the average outcome of the latter ...
The function's slope represents the best fit line going through the indifference curves, representing wages and the probability of injury while at work. [15] The function is upward sloping due to the parallel relationship between wages and the undesirable qualities of a job; the more undesirable the job is, the higher the wages employees are ...
Figure 2: Income-consumption curve for normal goods. In the figure 2 to the left, B1, B2 and B3 are the different budget lines and I 1, I 2 and I 3 are the indifference curves that are available to the consumer. As shown earlier, as the income of the consumer rises, the budget line moves outwards parallel to itself.
This translates to a linear expansion path in income: the slope of indifference curves is constant along rays beginning at the origin. [1]: 482 This is to say, the Engel curve for each good is linear. Furthermore, the indirect utility function can be written as a linear function of wealth :