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Hypochlorous acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cl O H, also written as HClO, HOCl, or ClHO. [2] [3] Its structure is H−O−Cl.It is an acid that forms when chlorine dissolves in water, and itself partially dissociates, forming a hypochlorite anion, ClO −.
A 1966 patent describes the production of solid stable dihydrate NaOCl·2H 2 O by reacting a chloride-free solution of hypochlorous acid HClO (such as prepared from chlorine monoxide ClO and water), with a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide. In a typical preparation, 255 mL of a solution with 118 g/L HClO is slowly added with stirring to ...
Hypochlorite salts formed by the reaction between chlorine and alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides. The reaction is performed at close to room temperature to suppress the formation of chlorates. This process is widely used for the industrial production of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO) 2).
Salt water chlorination is a process that uses dissolved salt (1000–4000 ppm or 1–4 g/L) for the chlorination of swimming pools and hot tubs.The chlorine generator (also known as salt cell, salt generator, salt chlorinator, or SWG) uses electrolysis in the presence of dissolved salt to produce chlorine gas or its dissolved forms, hypochlorous acid and sodium hypochlorite, which are already ...
Chlorine and the hydrolysis product hypochlorous acid are not charged and therefore easily penetrate the negatively charged surface of pathogens. It is able to disintegrate the lipids that compose the cell wall and react with intracellular enzymes and proteins, making them nonfunctional. Microorganisms then either die or are no longer able to ...
Inorganic chloramines are produced by the reaction of ammonia and hypochlorous acid or chlorine. An urban legend claims that mixing household bleach (aqueous sodium hypochlorite) with ammonia-based cleaners releases chlorine gas or mustard gas; in reality, the gas produced by the reaction is a mixture of inorganic chloramines.
It is hydrolyzed by hot water to release ammonia and hypochlorous acid. NCl 3 + 3 H 2 O → NH 3 + 3 HOCl. Concentrated samples of NCl 3 can explode to give N 2 and chlorine gas. [citation needed] 2 NCl 3 → N 2 + 3 Cl 2. In the presence of aluminium trichloride, NCl 3 react with some branch hydrocarbon to produce, after a hydrolysis step ...
In a weakly acidic condition, fairly concentrated (35%) H 2 O 2 solution undergoes a rapid oxidative reaction with no competitive reduction reaction of HClO 2 to form HOCl. HClO 2 + H 2 O 2 → HOCl + O 2 + H 2 O. Chlorine dioxide reacts rapidly with H 2 O 2 to form chlorous acid. 2ClO 2 + H 2 O 2 → 2HClO 2 + O 2