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The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the principal minister of the crown of His Majesty's Government, and the head of the British Cabinet.. There is no specific date for when the office of prime minister first appeared, as the role was not created but rather evolved over time through a merger of duties. [1]
Arthur Neville Chamberlain (/ ˈ tʃ eɪ m b ər l ɪ n /; 18 March 1869 – 9 November 1940) was a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from May 1937 to May 1940 and Leader of the Conservative Party from May 1937 to October 1940.
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill [a] (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (during the Second World War) and again from 1951 to 1955.
Former prime minister Tony Blair, for example, represented Sedgefield in County Durham from 1983 to 2007. He became prime minister because in 1994 he was elected Labour Party leader and then led the party to victory in the 1997 general election, winning 418 seats compared to 165 for the Conservatives and gaining a majority in the House of Commons.
Winston Churchill is generally considered one of the greatest prime ministers for his leadership during the Second World War. Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, a Tory prime minister from 1812 to 1827, is ranked highly despite being called "the Arch-mediocrity" by later Conservative prime minister Benjamin Disraeli.
In surveys of ranking of British prime ministers, Churchill is consistently ranked in the top of rankings, often as the greatest prime minister in British history. A 1999 study by 20 prominent historians, politicians and commentators by BBC Radio 4 ranked Churchill number one, [ 134 ] compounded by 2008, 2010 and 2020 polls, [ 135 ] [ 136 ...
Some prime ministers have also written non-political books as well, including Winston Churchill's histories of World War II and of the English language, [154] [155] Edward Heath's books on his wider interests in sailing, music and travel, Major's history of cricket [156] [157] and Arthur Balfour's philosophical writings. [158]
On 3 September 1939, Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, reconstructed his existing government so as to be suited for the Second World War. The most dramatic change to the ministerial line-up saw the return of Winston Churchill as First Lord of the Admiralty.