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Ancient Greek verbs can be divided into two groups, the thematic (in which a thematic vowel /e/ or /o/ is added before the ending, e.g. λύ-ο-μεν (lú-o-men) "we free"), and the athematic (in which the endings are attached directly to the stem, e.g. ἐσ-μέν (es-mén) "we are". [20] Thematic verbs are much more numerous.
Modern Greek verbs; Ancient Greek verbs This page was last edited on 28 December 2019, at 16:15 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
Modern Greek verbs additionally have three non-finite forms. There is a form traditionally called "απαρέμφατο" (i.e. 'infinitive', literally the 'invariant form'), which is historically derived from the perfective (aorist) infinitive, but has today lost all syntactical functions typically associated with that category.
Although the Greek gerundive resembles the Latin one, it is used far less frequently. Another way of expressing necessity in Greek is to use the impersonal verb δεῖ (deî) "it is necessary", followed by an accusative and infinitive: [46] δεῖ αὐτὸν ἀποθανεῖν. [47] deî autòn apothaneîn. It is necessary for him to die ...
The Ancient Greek infinitive is a non-finite verb form, sometimes called a verb mood, with no endings for person or number, but it is (unlike in Modern English) inflected for tense and voice (for a general introduction in the grammatical formation and the morphology of the Ancient Greek infinitive see here and for further information see these tables).
A verb may have either a first aorist or a second aorist: the distinction is like that between weak (try, tried) and strong verbs (write, wrote) in English.But the distinction can be better described by considering the second aorist as showing the actual verb stem when the present has a morph to designate present stem, like -σκ-, or reduplication with ι as in δίδωμι.
Ancient Greek progressive forms will sometimes add an E into the vowel of the root. The first four verbs in the following list lengthen the vowel with an epsilon in progressive forms. In an unrelated phenomenon, Ancient Greek will sometimes add an epsilon at the end of the root in the progressive forms.
Ancient Greek accent; Ancient Greek conditional clauses; Ancient Greek grammar; Ancient Greek nouns; Ancient Greek present progressive markers; Ancient Greek verbs; Aorist (Ancient Greek) The Art of Grammar; Augment (Indo-European)