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The melody thus used by the Ashkenazim is the most Oriental in style, but this is due only to the utilization, for the "Geshem" service originally, of two characteristic phrases reminiscent of services performed on the two important occasions of the Jewish year immediately preceding the Shemini Atzeret, when it is sung.
Geshem the Arabian (or Geshem the Arab; Hebrew: גֶשֶׁם הָעַרְבִי) is an Arab man mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. He was an ally of Sanballat and Tobiah and adversary of Nehemiah (Neh. 2:19, 6:1).
Geshem may refer to: Geshem (גשם), a Hebrew word for " rain ," applied mostly to the rains which occur in Israel over the course of the fall and winter. This half of the year is called in the Mishnah "yemot ha-geshamin" (Hebrew: ימות הגשמין , days of rains).
Jewish customs of etiquette, known simply as Derekh Eretz (Hebrew: דרך ארץ, lit. ' way of the land '), [a] or what is a Hebrew idiom used to describe etiquette, is understood as the order and manner of conduct of man in the presence of other men; [1] [2] being a set of social norms drawn from the world of human interactions.
Eliashib (Hebrew: אֶלְיָשִׁיב ’Elyāšîḇ, "El restores") the High Priest is mentioned in Nehemiah 12:10,22 and 3:1, 20-21,13:28 and possibly the Book of Ezra of the Hebrew Bible as (grand)father (Nehemiah 12:22) of the high priest Johanan (Ezra 10:6). Some also place him in different parts of Nehemiah including 12:23 and 13:4,7 ...
Shnayim mikra ve-echad targum (Hebrew: שנים מקרא ואחד תרגום, lit. 'Twice Scripture and once translation'), is the Jewish practice of reading the weekly Torah portion in a prescribed manner.
The earliest piyyuṭim date from late antiquity, the Talmudic (c. 70 – c. 500 CE) [citation needed] and Geonic periods (c. 600 – c. 1040). [1] They were "overwhelmingly from the Land of Israel or its neighbor Syria, because only there was the Hebrew language sufficiently cultivated that it could be managed with stylistic correctness, and only there could it be made to speak so expressively."
The early Nabateans are also referred to as ʿarvim in Nehemiah 4:7 and the singular ʿarvi is applied to Geshem a leader who opposed Nehemiah. This term is identical to ʿaravi in unvowelled text but traditionally vowelized differently. It is usually translated "Arabian" or "Arab" and was used in early 20th century Hebrew to mean Arab.