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The pluperfect subjunctive is used for an imagined event preceding the time of main verb in a historic context: velut sī prōlāpsus cecidisset, terram ōsculō contigit (Livy) [142] 'as if he had tripped and fallen, he touched the earth with a kiss' dēlēta est Ausonum gēns perinde ac sī internecīvō bellō certāsset (Livy) [143]
The imperfect subjunctive is used in situations similar to the present subjunctive above, but in a past-time context. The imperfect and pluperfect subjunctives can describe something which should have been done in the past, but which it is now too late for: [332] [296] at tū dictīs, Albāne, manērēs! (Virgil) [333]
The perfect form, constructed by the future subjunctive of haber with a past participle, denotes an action as if it had been performed before another future event; more common nowadays is to use either future perfect indicative or present perfect subjunctive. [76] In modern Spanish, the future subjunctive remains only in set phrases, such as ...
Subjunctive mood: The subjunctive mood expresses an imagined, possible or desired action in the past, present, or future. Imperative mood: The imperative mood expresses direct commands, requests, and prohibitions. In Spanish, using the imperative mood may sound blunt or even rude in some social settings, so it should be used with care.
A Spanish verb has nine indicative tenses with more-or-less direct English equivalents: the present tense ('I walk'), the preterite ('I walked'), the imperfect ('I was walking' or 'I used to walk'), the present perfect ('I have walked'), the past perfect —also called the pluperfect— ('I had walked'), the future ('I will walk'), the future ...
In Latin, most verbs have four principal parts.For example, the verb for "to carry" is given as portō – portāre – portāvī – portātum, where portō is the first-person singular present active indicative ("I carry"), portāre is the present active infinitive ("to carry"), portāvī is the first-person singular perfect active indicative ("I carried"), and portātum is the neuter supine.