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The Citadel of Liège (French: Citadelle de Liège) was the central fortification of the strategic Belgian city of Liège, Wallonia, until the end of the 19th century. It is located in the Sainte-Walburge neighborhood, 111 metres (364 ft) above the Meuse valley.
The Liège Revolution, sometimes known as the Happy Revolution (French: Heureuse Révolution; Walloon: Binamêye revolucion), [3] against the reigning prince-bishop of Liège, started on 18 August 1789 and lasted until the destruction of the Republic of Liège and re-establishment of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège by Austrian forces in 1791.
The Republic of Liège (French: République liégeoise) was a short-lived state centred on the town of Liège in modern-day Belgium.The republic was created in August 1789 after the Liège Revolution led to the destruction of the earlier ecclesiastical state which controlled the territory, the Prince-Bishopric of Liège.
The Meuse citadels or Mosane citadels (French: Citadelles mosanes) are a group of forts situated along the Meuse river in southern Belgian region of Wallonia. The citadels were originally intended to defend the Prince-Bishopric of Liège and County of Namur and were later modernized during the periods of French and Dutch rule.
They were originally intended to defend the Prince-Bishopric of Liège and County of Namur and were later modernized during the periods of French and Dutch rule. These are the citadels of Namur, Huy, Dinant (pictured), and the remains of the Citadel of Liège which was largely demolished in the 1970s. [36]
In 1891 a royal decree downgraded the fort and the nearby Citadel of Liège, following the construction of twelve modern forts surrounding Liége. [1] The fort was thereafter used as a barracks. From 1914 to 1918 the Germans used it as a prison, and again from 1940 to 1944. In 1944-1945 it was used by the Americans as a military hospital.
1255 - Citadel of Liège built. 1316 - Paix de Fexhe signed, establishing a somewhat representative government in Liège. [1] [4] 1319 - Saint-Julien Hospice founded in Outremeuse . 1325 - Guild unrest. [4] 1408 - 23 September: Battle of Othée. [4] 1468 Liège sacked by forces of Charles the Bold of Burgundy. [3] [1]
In French, Liège is associated with the epithet la cité ardente ("the fervent city"). This term, which emerged around 1905, originally referred to the city's history of rebellions against Burgundian rule, but was appropriated to refer to its economic dynamism during the Industrial Revolution. [11]