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The following articles are lists of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in populations around the world. Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa
In human genetics, a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by specific mutations in the non-recombining portions of DNA on the male-specific Y chromosome (Y-DNA). Individuals within a haplogroup share similar numbers of short tandem repeats (STRs) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). [ 2 ]
Even though the chronology of the SNP mutations is far less certain than the structure of the tree, many haplogroups could be equated with events in human prehistory. The worldwide distribution of the patterns of the human Y-chromosome diversity has revealed clear geographically associated haplogroups. [11]
The human Y chromosome is composed of about 62 million base pairs of DNA, making it similar in size to chromosome 19 and represents almost 2% of the total DNA in a male cell. [ 54 ] [ 55 ] The human Y chromosome carries 693 genes , 107 of which are protein-coding . [ 56 ]
In human population genetics, Y-Chromosome haplogroups define the major lineages of direct paternal (male) lines back to a shared common ancestor in Africa. Men in the same haplogroup share a set of differences, or markers, on their Y-Chromosome, which distinguish them from men in other haplogroups.
Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups; Y-chromosome haplogroups in populations of the world; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of East and Southeast Asia; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa
Haplogroup T-M184, also known as Haplogroup T, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. The unique-event polymorphism that defines this clade is the single-nucleotide polymorphism known as M184. [4] Detailed representation of the presence of Haplogroup T in Europe and surrounding areas.
Haplogroup K or K-M9 is a genetic lineage within human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. A sublineage of haplogroup IJK, K-M9, and its descendant clades represent a geographically widespread and diverse haplogroup. The lineages have long been found among males on every continent except Antarctica.