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The initial endocrine evaluation includes testing for levels of TSH and free T4, prolactin, LH, FSH, estradiol (E2), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). [9] FHA patients may display a combination of the following: FSH concentrations that are normal but lower than LH levels, low or low normal LH, E2 <50 pg/mL, and progesterone <1 ng/mL. [6]
If a uterus is present, LH and FSH levels are used to make a diagnosis. [13] Low levels of LH and FSH suggest delayed puberty or functional hypothalamic amenorrhea. [13] Elevated levels of FSH and LH suggest primary ovarian insufficiency, typically due to Turner syndrome. [13] Normal levels of FSH and LH can suggest an anatomical outflow ...
In females, FSH insensitivity results in diminished development of ovarian follicles and granulosa cells and low to normal estrogen levels, elevated to very elevated gonadotropin levels, and low inhibin B levels, whereas males present with diminished Sertoli cell proliferation and moderately elevated FSH levels, normal to slightly elevated LH levels, normal testosterone levels, and reduced ...
Eventually, the FSH level becomes so high that downregulation of FSH receptors occurs and by postmenopause any remaining small secondary follicles no longer have FSH nor LH receptors. [14] When the follicle matures and reaches 8–10 mm in diameter it starts to secrete significant amounts of estradiol.
In any case, the LH and FSH levels will rise in cases of primary hypogonadism or menopause, while they will be low in women with secondary or tertiary hypogonadism. [ 7 ] Hypogonadism is often discovered during evaluation of delayed puberty , but ordinary delay, which eventually results in normal pubertal development, wherein reproductive ...
It is identified by lab tests that show low testosterone accompanied by low to normal FSH and LH levels. Remember, you may have low T if your total testosterone levels are below 300 ng/dL and you ...
In children with precocious puberty of pituitary or central origin, LH and FSH levels may be in the reproductive range instead of the low levels typical for their age. During the reproductive years, relatively elevated LH is frequently seen in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ; however, it would be unusual for them to have LH levels ...
In the female, the goal for gonadotropin therapy is to obtain ovulation. This is obtained with FSH treatment followed by hCG or LH to trigger ovulation. FSH will stimulate granulosa cells for follicular maturation while LH will act on luteal cells to produce steroids aiding follicular maturation and preparing the endometrium for pregnancy.