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Normal ear drum. A perforated eardrum (tympanic membrane perforation) is a prick in the eardrum. It can be caused by infection (otitis media), trauma, overpressure (loud noise), inappropriate ear clearing, and changes in middle ear pressure. An otoscope can be used to view the eardrum to diagnose a perforation. Perforations may heal naturally ...
The oval perforation in this left tympanic membrane was the result of a slap on the ear four days previously. The sudden increased air pressure in the external auditory canal produced this traumatic blast perforation. Acoustic trauma is the sustainment of an injury to the eardrum as a result of a very loud noise.
If inner ear barotrauma and decompression sickness can be excluded, treatment may include any combination of short term use of nasal decongestants, intranasal steroid sprays and antibiotics for secondary infections. Surgical repair of persistent perforation of the eardrum may be necessary. [1]
The diagnosis is made by the combination of symptoms and examination of the tympanic membrane for redness, bulging, and/or a middle ear effusion (collection of fluid within the middle ear). [ 5 ] Complications of otitis media include hearing loss , facial nerve paralysis, or extension of infection to surrounding anatomic structures, including ...
If medical management fails, myringotomy, which is a surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the eardrum to drain pus from the middle ear or to relieve pressure caused by a large buildup of fluid, is indicated, and usually accompanied by the insertion of a tympanostomy tube. [10]
Although a temporary solution, surgical ventilation tube placement in the ear drum has also proven to be an effective treatment option. This treatment is known as either a unilateral or bilateral myringotomy. 50% of patients reported relief of patulous Eustachian tube symptoms when given this treatment. [15]
A myringotomy is a surgical procedure in which an incision is created in the eardrum (tympanic membrane) to relieve pressure caused by excessive buildup of fluid, or to drain pus from the middle ear. A tympanostomy tube may be inserted through the eardrum to keep the middle ear aerated for a prolonged time and to prevent reaccumulation of fluid ...
Treatment of otomycosis typically includes microscopic suction to remove fungal mass, topical antibiotics to be discontinued, and treatment with antifungal eardrops for three weeks. [5] The antifungal medications can be administered in the form of creams or drops applied to the ears and the most commonly used medications are azoles , a ...