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Distinctive features of elephants include a long proboscis called a trunk, tusks, large ear flaps, pillar-like legs, and tough but sensitive grey skin. The trunk is prehensile, bringing food and water to the mouth and grasping objects. Tusks, which are derived from the incisor teeth, serve both as weapons and as tools for moving objects and ...
The oldest species widely attributed to the genus, Elephas ekorensis is known from the early-mid Pliocene (5–4.2 million years ago) of East Africa, [6] though the attribution of this species to Elephas has been questioned, due to a lack of shared morphological features with later Elephas species. [7]
Both African elephant species live in family units comprising several adult cows, their daughters and their subadult sons. Each family unit is led by an older cow known as the matriarch. [33] [34] African forest elephant groups are less cohesive than African bush elephant groups, probably because of the lack of predators. [34]
Phylogeny of recent and Late Pleistocene elephantid species, including Palaeoloxodon and mammoths, showing the hybridisation between African forest elephants and Palaeoloxodon, after Palkopoulou et al. 2018 "Man, and the elephant" plate from Hawkins's A comparative view of the human and animal frame, 1860 Skeleton of Mammuthus meridionalis at ...
The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), also known as the Asiatic elephant, is a species of elephant distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, from India in the west to Borneo in the east, and Nepal in the north to Sumatra in the south. Three subspecies are recognised—E. m. maximus, E. m. indicus and E. m. sumatranus.
The African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) is one of the two living species of African elephant, along with the African bush elephant. It is native to humid tropical forests in West Africa and the Congo Basin. It is the smallest of the three living elephant species, reaching a shoulder height of 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in). As with other African ...
The elephant is symbolically important to the nation of Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire); the Coat of arms of Ivory Coast features an elephant head escutcheon as its focal point. In the western African Kingdom of Dahomey (now part of Benin) the elephant was associated with the 19th century rulers of the Fon people, Guezo and his son Glele.
This is a list of the mammal species of Vietnam. ... Asian elephant, E. maximus EN [2] Indian elephant, E. m. indicus; Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)