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  2. List of open-source software for mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source...

    It can be downloaded or used through a web site. SageMath comprises a variety of other free packages, with a common interface and language. SageMath is developed in Python. SageMath was initiated by William Stein, of Harvard University in 2005 for his personal project in number theory. It was originally known as "HECKE and Manin".

  3. Gödel numbering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gödel_numbering

    These sequences of natural numbers can again be represented by single natural numbers, facilitating their manipulation in formal theories of arithmetic. Since the publishing of Gödel's paper in 1931, the term "Gödel numbering" or "Gödel code" has been used to refer to more general assignments of natural numbers to mathematical objects.

  4. Unary coding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unary_coding

    Unary coding, [nb 1] or the unary numeral system and also sometimes called thermometer code, is an entropy encoding that represents a natural number, n, with a code of length n + 1 ( or n), usually n ones followed by a zero (if natural number is understood as non-negative integer) or with n − 1 ones followed by a zero (if natural number is understood as strictly positive integer).

  5. NumPy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NumPy

    NumPy (pronounced / ˈ n ʌ m p aɪ / NUM-py) is a library for the Python programming language, adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. [3]

  6. List of arbitrary-precision arithmetic software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_arbitrary...

    dc: "Desktop Calculator" arbitrary-precision RPN calculator that comes standard on most Unix-like systems. KCalc, Linux based scientific calculator; Maxima: a computer algebra system which bignum integers are directly inherited from its implementation language Common Lisp. In addition, it supports arbitrary-precision floating-point numbers ...

  7. Multiplicative digital root - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative_digital_root

    Based on these restrictions, the number of candidates for -digit numbers with record-breaking persistence is only proportional to the square of , a tiny fraction of all possible -digit numbers. However, any number that is missing from the sequence above would have multiplicative persistence > 11; such numbers are believed not to exist, and ...

  8. Pairing function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pairing_function

    In mathematics, a pairing function is a process to uniquely encode two natural numbers into a single natural number. Any pairing function can be used in set theory to prove that integers and rational numbers have the same cardinality as natural numbers. [1]

  9. Church encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_encoding

    Church numerals are the representations of natural numbers under Church encoding. The higher-order function that represents natural number n is a function that maps any function to its n-fold composition. In simpler terms, the "value" of the numeral is equivalent to the number of times the function encapsulates its argument.