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The descending upper fibers from the internal capsule continue on through the midbrain and are then seen as the fibers in the cerebral peduncles. [5] The corticopontine fibers are found in the outer and inner third of the cerebral peduncle, these are the cortical input to the pontine nuclei. [6]
All the fibers from the corticopontine system terminate in the pontine nuclei.The fibers descend through the sublenticular and retrolenticular of internal capsule, then traverse the midbrain through the basis pedunculi (i.e. ventral part of cerebral peduncle) to reach the pontine nuclei and synapse with neurons that give rise to pontocerebellar fibers.
The superior cerebellar peduncle connects to the midbrain. It consists mainly of efferent fibers , the cerebellothalamic tract that runs from a cerebellar hemisphere to the contralateral thalamus , and the cerebellorubral tract that runs from a cerebellar hemisphere to the red nucleus .
The midbrain or mesencephalon is the uppermost portion of the brainstem connecting the diencephalon and cerebrum with the pons. [2] It consists of the cerebral peduncles , tegmentum , and tectum . It is functionally associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep and wakefulness, arousal ( alertness ), and temperature regulation.
The cerebellar peduncles are three paired bundles of fibres that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem. [1]Superior cerebellar peduncle is a paired structure of white matter that connects the cerebellum to the mid-brain.
The middle cerebellar peduncle is the largest of the three cerebellar peduncles. It connects the pons and cerebellum.It consists almost entirely of fibers passing from the pons to the cerebellum (fibrocerebellar fibers); the fibers arise from the pontine nuclei and decussate within the pons before entering the peduncle [1] to end in the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere.
This marks the end of the pons as the inferior colliculus is directly rostral and marks the caudal midbrain. Middle cerebellar peduncle is located inferior and lateral to the superior cerebellar peduncle, connecting pons to the cerebellum. Likewise, inferior cerebellar peduncle is found connecting the medulla oblongata to the cerebellum.
These areas frequently correspond to handedness however, meaning the localization of these areas is regularly found on the hemisphere opposite to the dominant hand. Function lateralization, such as semantics , intonation , accentuation , and prosody , has since been called into question and largely been found to have a neuronal basis in both ...