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Calcium regulation in the human body. [6]The plasma ionized calcium concentration is regulated within narrow limits (1.3–1.5 mmol/L). This is achieved by both the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland, and the parathyroid glands constantly sensing (i.e. measuring) the concentration of calcium ions in the blood flowing through them.
The US Institute of Medicine (IOM) established Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for calcium in 1997 and updated those values in 2011. [6] See table. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) uses the term Population Reference Intake (PRIs) instead of RDAs and sets slightly different numbers: ages 4–10 800 mg, ages 11–17 1150 mg, ages 18–24 1000 mg, and >25 years 950 mg. [10]
Calcium supplements may contribute to the development of kidney stones. [1] Acute calcium poisoning is rare, and difficult to achieve without administering calcium intravenously. For example, the oral median lethal dose (LD 50) for rats for calcium carbonate and calcium chloride are 6.45 [22] and 1.4 g/kg, [23] respectively.
Calcium carbonate is used in the production of calcium oxide as well as toothpaste and has seen a resurgence as a food preservative and color retainer, when used in or with products such as organic apples. [58] Calcium carbonate is used therapeutically as phosphate binder in patients on maintenance haemodialysis. It is the most common form of ...
≡ 1 kg hundredweight (long) long cwt or cwt ≡ 112 lb av = 50.802 345 44 kg: hundredweight (short); cental: sh cwt ≡ 100 lb av = 45.359 237 kg: hyl; metric slug: ≡ 1 kgf / 1 m/s 2 = 9.806 65 kg: kilogram (kilogramme) kg ≈ mass of the prototype near Paris ≈ mass of 1 litre of water (SI base unit) [8] kip: kip ≡ 1000 lb av = 453.592 ...
Converts measurements to other units. Template parameters [Edit template data] This template prefers inline formatting of parameters. Parameter Description Type Status Value 1 The value to convert. Number required From unit 2 The unit for the provided value. Suggested values km2 m2 cm2 mm2 ha sqmi acre sqyd sqft sqin km m cm mm mi yd ft in kg g mg lb oz m/s km/h mph K C F m3 cm3 mm3 L mL cuft ...
Mapping of several bone diseases onto levels of vitamin D (calcidiol) in the blood [6] Normal bone vs. osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body.
Human body weight is a person's mass or weight.. Strictly speaking, body weight is the measurement of mass without items located on the person. Practically though, body weight may be measured with clothes on, but without shoes or heavy accessories such as mobile phones and wallets, and using manual or digital weighing scales.