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Gothic châsse; 1185–1200; champlevé enamel over copper gilded; height: 17.7 cm (7.0 in), width: 17.4 cm (6.9 in), depth: 10.1 cm (4.0 in). Vitreous enamel, also called porcelain enamel, is a material made by fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing, usually between 750 and 850 °C (1,380 and 1,560 °F).
Limoges enamel was usually applied on a copper base, but also sometimes on silver or gold. [5] Preservation is often excellent due to the toughness of the material employed, [5] and the cheaper Limoges works on copper have survived at a far greater rate than courtly work on precious metals, which were nearly all recycled for their materials at some point.
In the classical process to make lustreware, a preparation of metal salts of copper or silver, mixed with vinegar, ochre, and clay is applied on the surface of a piece that has already been fired and glazed. [7] The pot is then fired again in a kiln with a reducing atmosphere, at about 600 °C. The salts are reduced to metals and coalesce into ...
Cousances was a brand of enameled cast iron cookware ("cocotte" in French). [2] [3] [4] originally manufactured by a foundry in the town of Cousances-les-Forges in northeastern France.
Shotai shippo ("Japanese plique-à-jour"): A layer of flux (clear enamel) is fired over a copper form. Wires are fired onto the flux (similar to cloisonné) and the resulting areas are enameled in the colors of choice. When all the enameling is finished, the copper base is etched away leaving a translucent shell of plique-à-jour. 4.
The process of heating pottery in a kiln to bring the glaze or clay body to maturity. Flambé A deep red glaze with characteristic flame-like steaks of other colours. Produced by reduction firing of copper-rich glazes. Flatware Plates and dishes, as opposed to holloware vessels such as cups and jugs Flint