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The Ethiopian–Adal War, also known as the Abyssinian–Adal War and Futūḥ Al-Ḥabaša (Arabic: فتوح الحبش, lit. ' Conquest of Abyssinia '), was a war fought between the Christian Ethiopian Empire and the Muslim Adal Sultanate from 1529 to 1543.
The Adal Sultanate, also known as the Adal Empire [2] or Bar Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling Adel Sultanate, Adal Sultanate) (Arabic: سلطنة عدل), was a medieval Sunni Muslim Empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. [3] It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on the Harar plateau in Adal after the fall of the Sultanate of Ifat. [4]
Ethiopia: Adal Sultanate: Defeat. Gidaya, Mora, Adal, and Hargaya incorporated into the Adal Sultanate; Badley ad-Din II's Invasion of Ethiopia (1445) Ethiopia: Adal Sultanate: Victory. Death of the Adal Sultan [1] [2] [3] Abyssinian–Adal War (1529–1543)
Adal (Harari: አዳል; Somali: Awdal), known as Awdal or Aw Abdal [1] [2] was a historical Muslim region in the Horn of Africa. [3] [4] Located east of Ifat and the Awash river as far as the coast, and including Harar as well as Zeila.
Dakkar (Harari: ደክከር Däkkär, Somali: Doggor), also known as Dakar, or Deker, was a historical Muslim town located in present-day eastern Ethiopia. It served as the first capital of the Adal Sultanate after its founding in the early 15th century by Sabr ad-Din III. [1]
The Imamate of Aussa was carved out of the Adal Sultanate in 1577, when Muhammed Gasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into Aussa. [5] In 1647, the rulers of the Emirate of Harar broke away to form their own polity. The Imamate of Aussa was later destroyed by the local Mudaito Afar in 1672 ...
The Battle of Shimbra Kure was fought on 9 March 1529 [5] [6] between the forces of Adal led by Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, and the Abyssinian army, under Dawit II (Lebna Dengel). It was the first major battle of the Ethiopian–Adal War.
Muhammad ibn Nasir, realizing that the battle was lost, finally decided to retreat back to Adal and rode off with fifty horsemen. However along the way the Adalites looted the oxen belonging to some Hadiya peasants, the peasants were outraged and blocked the escape routes. As a result, Muhammad and most of his men were captured by the Abyssinians.