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Scintillating scotoma is a common visual aura that was first described by 19th-century physician Hubert Airy (1838–1903). Originating from the brain, it may precede a migraine headache , but can also occur acephalgically (without headache), also known as visual migraine or migraine aura. [ 4 ]
Scintillating scotoma is a common visual aura in migraine. [4] Less common, but important because they are sometimes reversible or curable by surgery , are scotomata due to tumors such as those arising from the pituitary gland , which may compress the optic nerve or interfere with its blood supply.
The aura phase of migraine can occur with or without a headache. Ocular or retinal migraines happen in the eye, so only affect the vision in that eye, while visual migraines occur in the brain, so affect the vision in both eyes together. Visual migraines result from cortical spreading depression and are also commonly termed scintillating scotoma.
Visual symptoms: “Visual aura is the most common,” says Dr. Natbony. “There are different types of visual aura, but it usually is a partial loss of vision that’s surrounded by colors ...
An epileptic aura is actually a minor seizure. [1] Epileptic and migraine auras are due to the involvement of specific areas of the brain, which are those that determine the symptoms of the aura. Therefore, if the visual area is affected, the aura will consist of visual symptoms, while if a sensory one, then sensory symptoms will occur.
Photopsia; This is an approximation of the zig-zag visual of a scintillating scotoma as a migraine aura. It moves and vibrates, expanding and slowly fading away over the course of about 20 minutes.
Visual field-tubular vision Visual field-central scotoma. Lesions involving the whole optic nerve cause complete blindness on the affected side, that means damage at the right optic nerve causes complete loss of vision in the right eye. [3] Optic neuritis involving external fibers of the optic nerve causes tunnel vision. [4]
If any symptom remains after 60 minutes, the state is known as persistent aura. [42] Visual disturbances often consist of a scintillating scotoma (an area of partial alteration in the field of vision which flickers and may interfere with a person's ability to read or drive). [33]