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An optimist and a pessimist, Vladimir Makovsky, 1893. Researchers operationalize the term "optimism" differently depending on their research. As with any trait characteristic, there are several ways to evaluate optimism, such as the Life Orientation Test (LOT), an eight-item scale developed in 1985 by Michael Scheier and Charles Carver.
lower of two floors that are each at a different ground level due to sloping terrain (UK: lower ground floor) guard the official in charge of a railway train (US & now UK also: conductor) to watch over for security one who guards a protective device. one of two positions in basketball, usually players who are the best ball-handlers and shooters ...
more than half of all votes, people, etc. (UK: absolute majority) make out to draw up, to seek to make it appear, to fabricate a story to see with difficulty; to understand the meaning of to kiss (see Making out) to succeed or profit ("She made out well on that deal.") * marinara sauce: sauce containing seafood, usu. in a tomato base
Lists of words having different meanings in American and British English: (A–L; M–Z) Works; Works with different titles in the UK and US.
Seligman shifted his focus to attempting to discover what it is that keeps some people from ever becoming helpless. The answer was optimism. Using his knowledge about conditioning people to be helpless in the lab, he shifted his focus to conditioning people to be optimists. The result of these experiments led to defining the processes of ...
Autistic people are less susceptible to this kind of bias. [2] It has also been reported in other animals, such as rats and birds. [3] Four factors can cause a person to be optimistically biased: their desired end state, their cognitive mechanisms, the information they have about themselves versus others, and overall mood. [4]
A big list will constantly show you what words you don't know and what you need to work on and is useful for testing yourself. Eventually these words will all be translated into big lists in many different languages and using the words in phrase contexts as a resource.
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. [2] For example, in the English language, the words begin, start, commence, and initiate are all synonyms of one another: they are synonymous. The standard test for synonymy is substitution: one form can be ...