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The hydroxyl radical has a very short in vivo half-life of approximately 10 −9 seconds and a high reactivity. [5] This makes it a very dangerous compound to the organism. [6] [7] Unlike superoxide, which can be detoxified by superoxide dismutase, the hydroxyl radical cannot be eliminated by an enzymatic reaction.
n.o.s. = not otherwise specified meaning a collective entry to which substances, mixtures, solutions or articles may be assigned if a) they are not mentioned by name in 3.2 Dangerous Goods List AND b) they exhibit chemical, physical and/or dangerous properties corresponding to the Class, classification code, packing group and the name and description of the n.o.s. entry [4]
Dangerous goods in machinery or Dangerous goods in apparatus UN 3364: 4.1: Trinitrophenol (Picric acid), wetted, with not less than 10% water by mass UN 3365: 4.1: Trinitrochlorobenzene (Picryl chloride), wetted, with not less than 10% water by mass UN 3366: 4.1: Trinitrotoluene (TNT), wetted, with not less than 10% water by mass UN 3367: 4.1
Hydroxyl radical (HO·) is generated by Fenton reaction of hydrogen peroxide with ferrous compounds and related reducing agents: Fe(II) + H 2 O 2 → Fe(III)OH + HO· In its fleeting existence, the hydroxyl radical reacts rapidly irreversibly with all organic compounds. superoxide (O − 2) is produced by reduction of O 2. [4]
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry , alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups.
A chlorate candle, or an oxygen candle, is a cylindrical chemical oxygen generator that contains a mix of sodium chlorate and iron powder, which when ignited smolders at about 600 °C (1,100 °F), producing sodium chloride, iron oxide, and oxygen at a fixed rate of about 6.5 man-hours per kilogram of the mixture.
As an example of dissociation, hydrogen peroxide can undergo homolytic cleavage, with the O−O bond cleaving to form two hydroxyl radicals. H 2 O 2 → 2 ·OH. Certain azo compounds (such as azobisisobutyronitrile), can also photolytically cleave, forming two alkyl radicals and nitrogen gas: RCH 2 −N=N−H 2 CR → 2 RCH 2 + N 2
Explosive Dangerous Goods have compatibility group letters assigned to facilitate segregation during transport. The letters used range from A to S excluding the letters I, M, O, P, Q and R. The example above shows an explosive with a compatibility group "A" (shown as 1.1A).