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The Graham number or Benjamin Graham number is a figure used in securities investing that measures a stock's so-called fair value. [1] Named after Benjamin Graham , the founder of value investing , the Graham number can be calculated as follows:
The Benjamin Graham formula is a formula for the valuation of growth stocks. It was proposed by investor and professor of Columbia University , Benjamin Graham - often referred to as the "father of value investing".
Graham's number is an immense number that arose as an upper bound on the answer of a problem in the mathematical field of Ramsey theory.It is much larger than many other large numbers such as Skewes's number and Moser's number, both of which are in turn much larger than a googolplex.
Graham suggested a value investing strategy of buying a well-diversified portfolio of stocks that have a net current asset value greater than their market cap. This strategy is sometimes referred to as "cigar-butt" investing, because it tends to focus on struggling companies that are trading below their liquidation value .
Graham's number, larger than what can be represented even using power towers . However, it can be represented using layers of Knuth's up-arrow notation. Kruskal's tree theorem is a sequence relating to graphs. TREE(3) is larger than Graham's number.
Benjamin Graham and David Dodd, founders of value investing, coined the term margin of safety in their seminal 1934 book, Security Analysis. The term is also described in Graham's The Intelligent Investor. Graham said that "the margin of safety is always dependent on the price paid". [1]
Published in 1979 by A. M. Andrew. The algorithm can be seen as a variant of Graham scan which sorts the points lexicographically by their coordinates. When the input is already sorted, the algorithm takes O(n) time. Incremental convex hull algorithm — O(n log n) Published in 1984 by Michael Kallay. Kirkpatrick–Seidel algorithm — O(n log h)
with additional arrangements by Graham, Lubachevsky, Nurmela, and Östergård (1998). ... "Online calculator for "How many circles can you get in order to minimize ...