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While the South Pole lies on a continental land mass, the North Pole is located in the middle of the Arctic Ocean amid waters that are almost permanently covered with constantly shifting sea ice. The sea depth at the North Pole has been measured at 4,261 m (13,980 ft) by the Russian Mir submersible in 2007 [ 1 ] and at 4,087 m (13,409 ft) by ...
Also known as Arctic bases, ... North Pole-19 A.N.Chilingarov: November 7, 1969 April 16, 1973 ... Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap.
Description: Mercator's 1595 map of the Arctic. Mercator, Gerhard, 1512-1594. "Septentrionalium Terrarum descriptio" [1595]. First state, from his posthumously published atlas, Atlantis pars altera.
Magnetic north versus ‘true north’ At the top of the world in the middle of the Arctic Ocean lies the geographic North Pole, the point where all the lines of longitude that curve around Earth ...
The Arctic Circle, at roughly 67.5° north, is the boundary of the Arctic waters and lands. The Arctic Circle is one of the two polar circles, and the northernmost of the five major circles of latitude as shown on maps of Earth at about 66° 34' N. [1] Its southern counterpart is the Antarctic Circle.
Maps showing the decline of the Dorset culture and expansion of the Thule from c. 900 to 1500 Circumpolar coastal human population distribution c. 2009 (includes indigenous and non-indigenous). The earliest inhabitants of North America's central and eastern Arctic are referred to as the Arctic small tool tradition (AST) and existed c. 2500 BCE.
Earth's North Pole is covered by floating pack ice over the Arctic Ocean. Portions of the ice that do not melt seasonally can get very thick, up to 3–4 meters thick over large areas, with ridges up to 20 meters thick. One-year ice is usually about 1 meter thick. The area covered by sea ice ranges between 9 and 12 million km 2.
The Arctic has various definitions, including the region north of the Arctic Circle (currently Epoch 2010 at 66°33'44" N), or just the region north of 60° north latitude, or the region from the North Pole south to the timberline. [1] The Antarctic is usually defined simply as south of 60° south latitude, or the continent of Antarctica.