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A distributed-feedback laser (DFB) is a type of laser diode, quantum-cascade laser or optical-fiber laser where the active region of the device contains a periodically structured element or diffraction grating. The structure builds a one-dimensional interference grating (Bragg scattering), and the grating provides optical feedback for the laser.
The first complex grating was made by J. Canning in 1994. [15] [citation needed] This supported the development of the first distributed feedback (DFB) fiber lasers, and also laid the groundwork for most complex gratings that followed, including the sampled gratings first made by Peter Hill and colleagues in Australia. [citation needed]
DBR lasers are often confused with DFB lasers. [3] Both exhibit narrow linewidth and stable single frequency operation. However, the location of the feedback element (the grating) causes the DBR and the DFB to have distinct operational characteristics.
External cavity lasers using a MEMS structure for tuning the cavity length, such as devices commercialized by Iolon. External cavity lasers using multiple-prism grating arrangements for wide-range tunability. [9] DFB laser arrays based on several thermal tuned DFB lasers, in which coarse tuning is achieved by selecting the correct laser bar.
Time-resolved simulation of a pulse reflecting from a Bragg mirror. A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) is a reflector used in waveguides, such as optical fibers.It is a structure formed from multiple layers of alternating materials with different refractive index, or by periodic variation of some characteristic (such as height) of a dielectric waveguide, resulting in periodic variation in the ...
The DFB laser has a stable wavelength that is set during manufacturing by the pitch of the grating, and can only be tuned slightly with temperature. DFB lasers are widely used in optical communication applications where a precise and stable wavelength is critical.
A distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade laser [25] is similar to a Fabry–Pérot laser, except for a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) built on top of the waveguide to prevent it from emitting at other than the desired wavelength. This forces single mode operation of the laser, even at higher operating currents.
A fiber laser (or fibre laser in Commonwealth English) is a laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth elements such as erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, thulium and holmium. They are related to doped fiber amplifiers, which provide light amplification without lasing.