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Esketamine, sold under the brand names Spravato (for depression) and Ketanest (for anesthesia) among others, [10] [12] is the S(+) enantiomer of ketamine. [5] [13] It is a dissociative hallucinogen drug used as a general anesthetic and as an antidepressant for treatment of depression.
The S-(+) and R-(–) stereoisomers of ketamine bind to the dizocilpine site of the NMDA receptor with different affinities, the former showing approximately 3- to 4-fold greater affinity for the receptor than the latter. As a result, the S isomer is a more potent anesthetic and analgesic than its R counterpart. [118]
Feifel, a professor emeritus of psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego’s School of Medicine, was one of the first doctors to use ketamine off-label to treat depression at the ...
After the publication of the NIH-run antidepressant clinical trial, clinics began opening in which the intravenous ketamine is given for depression. [5] [6] This practice is an off label use of IV ketamine in the United States, though the intranasal version of esketamine has been approved by the FDA for treatment of depression [5] [7] In 2015 there were about 60 such clinics in the US; the ...
A legal medication commonly used medically as an anesthetic, ketamine has been increasingly offered “off label” at private clinics in an effort to treat depression and other mental health ...
Ketamine is a hallucinogen that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration as an anesthetic for surgery decades ago, but it’s also used illegally as a party drug.
Ketamine: This drug is available as a mixture of both (S)-(+)-ketamine, also known as esketamine, and (R)-(–)-ketamine, also known as arketamine. Pure esketamine is also available. The two have different dissociative and hallucinogenic properties, with esketamine being more potent in isolation as a dissociative. [21]
Ketamine may be prescribed as an off-label oral, infusion, injection, or nasal treatment for a variety of conditions. ... S-ketamine, also known as esketamine (Spravato), is an FDA-approved nasal ...