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The motion of a particle (a point-like object) along a line can be described by its position , which varies with (time). An example of linear motion is an athlete running a 100-meter dash along a straight track. [2] Linear motion is the most basic of all motion.
In terms of a displacement-time (x vs. t) graph, the instantaneous velocity (or, simply, velocity) can be thought of as the slope of the tangent line to the curve at any point, and the average velocity as the slope of the secant line between two points with t coordinates equal to the boundaries of the time period for the average velocity.
There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.
The work W done by a constant force of magnitude F on a point that moves a displacement s in a straight line in the direction of the force is the product = For example, if a force of 10 newtons (F = 10 N) acts along a point that travels 2 metres (s = 2 m), then W = Fs = (10 N) (2 m) = 20 J. This is approximately the work done lifting a 1 kg ...
Displacement is the shift in location when an object in motion changes from one position to another. [2] For motion over a given interval of time, the displacement divided by the length of the time interval defines the average velocity (a vector), whose magnitude is the average speed (a scalar quantity).
The speed of light in vacuum is thus the upper limit for speed for all physical systems. In addition, the speed of light is an invariant quantity: it has the same value, irrespective of the position or speed of the observer. This property makes the speed of light c a natural measurement unit for speed and a fundamental constant of nature.
The velocity is the time derivative of the displacement: = = ^ + ^. Because the radius of the circle is constant, the radial component of the velocity is zero. The unit vector u ^ R ( t ) {\displaystyle {\hat {\mathbf {u} }}_{R}(t)} has a time-invariant magnitude of unity, so as time varies its tip always lies on a circle of unit radius, with ...
The second half of the test involved subjects performing a 100-m sprint on a man-made track using radar to measure the forward speed of runners to create velocity-time curves. The main result of this study showed that the force application technique (rather than simply the total amount of force applied) is the key determinant factor in ...