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The Armstrong oscillator [1] (also known as the Meissner oscillator [2]) is an electronic oscillator circuit which uses an inductor and capacitor to generate an oscillation. The Meissner patent from 1913 describes a device for generating electrical vibrations, a radio transmitter used for on–off keying. Edwin Armstrong presented in 1915 some ...
Most regenerative receivers used this Armstrong circuit, in which the feedback was applied to the input (grid) of the tube with a "tickler coil" winding on the tuning inductor. The gain of any amplifying device, such as a vacuum tube , transistor , or op amp , can be increased by feeding some of the energy from its output back into its input in ...
N p, number of primary turns; N s, number of secondary turns; N, the turns ratio defined as N s /N p, . For an ideal transformer operating under ideal conditions, I s = I p /N, V s = N×V p. L p, primary (self-)inductance, a value determined by the number of primary turns N p squared, and an "inductance factor" A L.
The basic circuits consisted of a transformer-feedback NPN transistor voltage converter based on the blocking oscillator. After testing three transistors (ZTX450 at 73% efficiency, ZTX650 at 79%, and BC550 at 57%), it was determined that a transistor with lower V ce(sat) yielded better efficiency results.
Circuit symbol of a heptode. The development of the pentagrid or heptode (seven-electrode) valve was a novel development in the mixer story. The idea was to produce a single valve that not only mixed the oscillator signal and the received signal and produced its own oscillator signal at the same time but, importantly, did the mixing and the oscillating in different parts of the same valve.
Armstrong published his explanation of the Audion in Electrical World in December 1914, complete with circuit diagrams and oscilloscope graphs. [13] In March and April 1915, Armstrong spoke to the Institute of Radio Engineers in New York and Boston, respectively, presenting his paper "Some Recent Developments in the Audion Receiver", which was ...
[3] In the Armstrong method, the audio signal and the radio frequency carrier signal are applied to the balanced modulator to generate a double sideband suppressed carrier signal. The phase of this output signal is then shifted 90 degrees with respect to the original carrier. The balanced modulator output can either lead or lag the carrier's phase.
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