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A case of severe gummy smile as seen in a young woman. Gummy smile, also known as excessive gingival display, is a smile that shows gum under the upper lip. It is a common clinical condition, which can be caused by an abnormal dental eruption (delayed passive eruption), hyperfunction of the upper lip elevator muscle, excessive vertical growth of the maxilla bone, over-eruption of the maxillary ...
They are painless papules (small bumps), about 1–3 mm in greatest dimension. The most common site is along the line between the vermilion border and the oral mucosa of the upper lip, or on the buccal mucosa (inside the cheeks) in the commissural region, [10] often bilaterally. They may also occur on the mandibular retromolar pad and tonsillar ...
The skin of the face is thicker than the skin overlying the lips where blood vessels are closer to the surface. As a consequence, the margin of the lips shows a transition between the thicker and thinner skin, represented by the vermilion border. It therefore has the appearance of a sharp line between the coloured edge of the lip and adjoining ...
Upper airway constrictions (e.g., deviated nasal septum) or obstructions (e.g., enlarged tonsils) or infections (e.g., rhinitis) General hypotonia or low body tone; Low-lying resting posture of the tongue; Imbalance in dental growth; Inadequate development of facial and cranial bones; Inappropriate development of muscles in the head and neck areas
Arguably the main observation to carry out in a patient to assess maxillary excess or deficiency is the upper incisor/gum show when at rest and smiling. In other words, the relationship between the upper lip and upper central incisors when at rest and smiling. [41] Ensure the patient's head posture is correct and the lips are at rest to ...
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) is a benign lesion of the oral mucosa which is characterized by the growth of one or more nodular lesions, measuring about 2mm or less. [4] [5] The lesion almost exclusively involves the hard palate, and in rare instances, it also has been seen on the mandible. The lesion is mostly asymptomatic and color ...