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A space-filling model of the diatomic molecule dinitrogen, N 2. Diatomic molecules (from Greek di- 'two') are molecules composed of only two atoms, of the same or different chemical elements. If a diatomic molecule consists of two atoms of the same element, such as hydrogen (H 2) or oxygen (O 2), then it is said to be homonuclear.
A diatomic molecule has one molecular vibration mode: the two atoms oscillate back and forth with the chemical bond between them acting as a spring. A molecule with N atoms has more complicated modes of molecular vibration , with 3 N − 5 vibrational modes for a linear molecule and 3 N − 6 modes for a nonlinear molecule. [ 4 ]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 February 2025. This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I) Iodine, 53 I Iodine Pronunciation / ˈ aɪ ə d aɪ n, - d ɪ n, - d iː n / (EYE -ə-dyne, -din, -deen) Appearance lustrous metallic gray solid ...
There are six known distinct phases of solid oxygen. One of them is a dark-red O 8 cluster. When oxygen is subjected to a pressure of 96 GPa, it becomes metallic , in a similar manner to hydrogen , [ 14 ] and becomes more similar to the heavier chalcogens , such as selenium (exhibiting a pink-red color in its elemental state), tellurium and ...
Disulfur is the diatomic molecule with the formula S 2. [2] It is analogous to the dioxygen molecule but rarely occurs at room temperature. This violet gas is the dominant species in hot sulfur vapors. S 2 is one of the minor components of the atmosphere of Io, which is predominantly composed of SO 2. [3]
Solid oxygen forms at normal atmospheric pressure at a temperature below 54.36 K (−218.79 °C, −361.82 °F). Solid oxygen O 2 , like liquid oxygen , is a clear substance with a light sky-blue color caused by absorption in the red part of the visible light spectrum.
Bromine is a deep brown diatomic liquid that is quite reactive, and has a liquid density of 3.1028 g/cm 3. It boils at 58.8 °C and solidifies at −7.3 °C to an orange crystalline solid (density 4.05 g/cm −3). It is the only element, apart from mercury, known to be a liquid at room temperature.
Dilithium, Li 2, is a strongly electrophilic, diatomic molecule comprising two lithium atoms covalently bonded together. Li 2 has been observed in the gas phase. It has a bond order of 1, an internuclear separation of 267.3 pm and a bond energy of 102 kJ/mol or 1.06 eV in each bond. [1] The electron configuration of Li 2 may be written as σ 2.