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Ecuador is located on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and has 2,237 km of coastline.It has 2237 km of land boundaries, with Colombia in the north (708 km border) and Peru in the east and south (1,529 km border). 283,561 km 2 (109,484 sq mi) is land and 6,720 km 2 (2,595 sq mi) water.
Ecuador, [a] officially the Republic of Ecuador, [b] is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometers (621 mi) west of the mainland.
1 Population as per the census carried out on 2022-10-01 [3]. In addition, there were four areas that were non-delimited. These locations were: Las Golondrinas: In a referendum held on April 3, 2016, 56.9% of voters voted in favor of Las Golondrinas being incorporated into the Imbabura Province.
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The country also includes the Galápagos Islands (Archipiélago de Colón) in the Pacific, about 965 kilometers (600 mi) west of the mainland. Ecuador straddles the equator , from which it takes its name, and has an area of 256,371 square kilometers (98,985 sq mi).
Mapa general del Ecuador, por / Bernardo Flemming. Description: Français : ... Français : Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE C-2056.
After 1820, Ecuador emerged as an independent nation, as neighboring areas to Zaruma also declared their independence. In 1882, the province of El Oro was formed by the villages of Zaruma, Machala and Santa Rosa, with Zaruma as its capital, and the area's gold mining as the reason for the name of the province.
The cantons of Ecuador are the second-level subdivisions of Ecuador, below the provinces. The cantons are further subdivided into parishes , which are classified as either urban or rural. As of 2025, there are 222 cantons in the country.